Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) exhibit exceptional luminescent properties, rendering them valuable assets in diverse fields such as bioimaging, sensing, and therapeutics. Nevertheless, the potential toxicological effects of UCNPs necessitate thorough investigation to ensure their safe utilization. This review aims to provide a in-depth analysis

In this study, we describe a novel strategy for the synthesis and characterization of single-walled nanotubes (SWCNTs) covalently attached with iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4|Fe2O3|FeO). The preparation process involves a two-step approach, first attaching SWCNTs onto a appropriate substrate and then introducing Fe3O4 nanoparticles via a hydrother